Functional face masks belong to the category of skincare cosmetics. They primarily work by covering the stratum corneum to promote moisture absorption, and the occlusive effect can raise skin temperature and promote blood circulation. Their history can be traced back to ancient Egypt, and there are records of their use in China during the Tang Dynasty, such as with rubbing ointment. Production processes became increasingly scientific in the 1970s and 80s. They can be categorized into four main types based on their form: peel-off, wipe-off or wash-off, hardening peel-off, and sheet masks. Sheet masks include materials such as silk and cotton.
Common functions include moisturizing, oil control and acne treatment, whitening and fading dark spots, anti-wrinkle and firming, and barrier repair. Ingredients should be selected according to skin type, and the application time should be controlled. A skin test should be performed before use; continuing to use the mask after an allergic reaction may worsen skin barrier damage. It should be used in conjunction with a complete skincare routine; those with special skin types should use it under the guidance of a doctor.